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  • JLPT N4

~てもいい (permission)

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JLPT N4: ~てもいい (may ~; it's OK to ~)

Ending a VERB with ~てもいい can be done in order to give someone permission to do something, or to request permission to do something.

An example:

今日は2時に帰ってもいいですよ。

きょう は にじ に かえってもいい です よ。

You can go home at two today.

“today + は + two o’clock + に + may go home (=go home [and] + も + good) + です + よ.”

This should make a lot of sense if you've already read this lesson: JLPT N4: ~ても (even if).

In that lesson, we see how Vても means something like "even if VERB."

An example from that lesson:

わたしはロボットなので、1日中働いてもつかれません。

わたし は ロボット なので、 いちにちじゅう はたらいても つかれません。

I am a robot, so even if I work all day, I do not become tired.

“I + は + robot + なので (=because), + all day long + even if work (=work [and] + も) + do not become tired.”

When we want to say that a person may do something, we can just put いい, "good," after Vても.

Vても = even if (s.o.) VERBs
Vてもいい = may VERB


Let's look at another example:

A:

最後の一個、食べてもいいですか。

さいご の いっこ、 たべてもいい です か。

Is it OK if I eat the last one?

“last + の + one (little thing), + may eat (=eat [and] + も + good) + です + か.”

B:

はい、どうぞ。

はい、 どうぞ。

Yes, go ahead.

“yes, + go ahead / by all means.”

👷 Construction 👷

I think you may have already picked up on this, but to form ~てもいい sentences, we just need to put もいい after the て-form of a VERB.

So:

V て + も + いい
= may (I) VERB; (you) may VERB


Here's another dialogue:

A:

写真を撮ってもいいでしょうか。

しゃしん を とってもいい でしょう か。

Would it be all right if I took a photo?

“photo + を + may take (=take [a photo] [and] + も + good) + でしょう + か.”

B:

すみませんが、写真撮影は禁止になっています。

すみません が、 しゃしんさつえい は きんし に なっています。

I’m sorry, but photography is not permitted.

“I’m sorry + が (=but), + photography / taking photographs + は + prohibition + に + is becoming.”

And another one:

Customer:

これ、試着してもいいですか。

これ、 しちゃく してもいい です か。

Is it all right if I try this on?

“this, + trying on (clothing) + may do (=do [and] + も + good) + です + か.”

Employee:

どうぞ、試着してください。

どうぞ、 しちゃく して ください。

By all means, please try it on.

“go ahead / by all means, + trying on (clothing) + do (and) + please.”

Note that the responses above are saying things like はい、どうぞ、~てください、etc. when saying that an action is allowed in response to a ~てもいい question.

That is, you normally wouldn't respond to ~てもいい...? with ~てもいい.

So in our last dialogue, this response would be less likely:

△ 試着してもいいです。

△ しちゃく してもいい です。

△ You may try it on.

“may try on (clothing) + です.”

Generally speaking, you should avoid telling social superiors that they "may do" things.

Accordingly, don't use ~てもいい when referring to things your teacher or boss may do:

△ 先生、僕の鉛筆を使ってもいいです。

△ せんせい、 ぼく の えんぴつ を つかってもいい です。

△ Sensei, you can use my pencil.

“sensei, + I + の + pencil + を + may use (=use [and] + も + good) + です.”

Instead, you can just use ~てください:

〇 先生、僕の鉛筆を使ってください。

〇 せんせい、 ぼく の えんぴつ を つかって ください。

〇 Sensei, please use my pencil.

“sensei, + I + の + pencil + を + use (and) + please.”

That's all for this one!

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